William Gilbert And Dr. Jekyll - 1079 Words

Science dates back to the pre renaissance era with William Gilbert being named as the first known scientist. Born in 1544, Gilbert investigated the nature of magnetism. Along with Galileo Galilei who is known to have constructed one of the very first telescopes. Hands-on scientist who designed experiments carried them out and recorded their results. When I hear the word scientist I think of white lab coats, a laboratory, and many experiments going on that come to the scientists mind. Scientist to me are very smart graduates with a genius mind and a lot of knowledge to help change or better the environment we live in. Albert Einstein, Benjamin Franklin and Dr. Jekyll are some of the well-known scientist who left a great science to us. I†¦show more content†¦The invention of electric and the light bulb is probably the best thing invented in my opinion. After those were invented science took off to another level of genius cars, computers, televisions, and all the things that we love and use on a daily basis that we probably never thought would have ever been invented and here we are in 2015 and everything known is made of science. Do you remember watching Saturday morning cartoons on an old television set with only three channels? I do and it was probably the best of my years. Things have changed since then because we now have bigger and better televisions and way more channels to watch. Children have more to do such as the new inventions from Steve Jobs. We also have fictional scientist that we all like to watch on television. Some of the fictional scientist are heroes, some are villains, and some are just plain evil. My favorite fictional scientist is when Robin Williams starred in the movie flubber as a professor and scientist. Robin Williams experiments with different types of energy and comes up with a ball of flubber that does several things including making his car fly through the sky with its anti-gravity affects. He was a scientist that was truly a hero and I wish that we had that type of scientist today in real life. Another scientist and professor favorite of mine is Walter from breaking

Obesity And Obesity Related Diseases Essay - 1706 Words

Childhood obesity has become staggering in the United States. Children are considered obese if they have thirty percent amount of body fat or more and is measured by body mass index (BMI). Body mass index conveys the correlation of body weight to height. If a child’s BMI is at or exceeding over the 95th percentile, meaning if their body mass index is greater than 95% of other children that are the same sex and age, they are obese. Doctor Jeffrey Levi, an executive director of the Trust for America’s Health Organization and an advocate of the public health system, has declared along with his associates that childhood obesity rates have tripled since the year of 1980 (8). This committee oversees health issues like obesity and obesity-related diseases. In the year of 1991, children were 10-15% obese nationally, whereas today more than 25% of adolescents ages two to nineteen are considered obese. In our nation, there are many potential causes that contribute to obesity. A c hild’s socio-economic status, physical position, and eating habits shape the obesity stratum. Genetics have very limited impact, but behavioral and environmental factors augment the chances of a child reaching obesity. According to the Center of Disease Control, â€Å"the portion of children aged 6–11 years in the United States who were obese increased from 7% in 1980 to nearly 18% in 2012†¦the percentage of adolescents aged 12–19 years who were obese increased from 5% to nearly 21% over the same period.†Show MoreRelatedObesity And Obesity Related Diseases896 Words   |  4 PagesObesity is primarily measured in body mass index or BMI, a BMI over 30 is considered obese. Until recently, there has been a steady rise of the obesity prevalence over the last three decades. The American taxpayers and the medical community face a huge challenge with regards to the 34.9% of adults and 16.9% of children who struggle with obesity (Ogden, Carroll, Kit, Flegal , 2014). Even with the prevalence of obesity remaining flat, morbid obesity, a BMI of over 40 has increased by two to threeRead MoreObesity And Obesity Related Diseases Essay1843 Words   |  8 Pagesbeautiful and horrible way. There is an obesity epidemic in America that is coming from unhealthy eating habits and the absence of exercising. Also the obesity related diseases like diabetes, heart disease, cancer, and high blood pressure are a huge problem in and of itself. Portion sizes have gotten so much larger and there is a high increase of high fructose corn syrup that has been one of the main causes of this rapid growth in obesity and obesity related diseases. Now children are beginning to overeatRead MoreObesity And Obesity Related Diseases1342 Words   |  6 Pagesgood-quality home cooking. Obesity and obesity related diseases have increased significantly in the U.S. since the mid 1970s. Over the same time, the number of fast food restaurants have more than doubled, placing fast food within close proximities to schools, work and home. A diet filled with fast food is strongly linked to weight gain, and insulin resistance, suggests obesity researcher and neurobiologist Stephan Guyenet Ph. D, an indicator sign that fast food increases the risk of obesity and type 2 diabetesRead MoreEssay on Obesity and Heart Related Disease in America1014 Words   |  5 Pagesis heart related diseases. Many of these heart related diseases are caused by obesity. Obesity is â€Å"the condition of being grossly fat or overweight.† It is not just being thick boned, or even hereditary. Obesity has become a growing epidemic around the world! A very colossal problem here in the untied states of America; What is sad is that it is a disease one has caused due to their own choice of life style. Obesity has caused great dilemma in America. It was known as an adult disease. â€Å"Over twoRead MoreObesity and Diet Related Chronic Diseases Essay3241 Words   |  13 PagesIntroduction The increase in the worldwide obesity and diet related chronic diseases over the previous several decades warrants the need of approaches to combat these disorders. Poor dietary practices, high energy intake, high intake of fat, saturated fat and cholesterol along with low intake of fiber and low physical activity are the major risk factors for these disorders. In order to overcome these problems, the Nutrition Labeling and Education Act (NLEA) of 1990 requires all packaged foods toRead MoreObesity as a Disease Essay1334 Words   |  6 PagesAbstract As a health care professional it is our position statement that obesity should be considered as a disease. Overweight and obese adults are considered at risk for developing diseases such as type II diabetes, hypertension, high blood cholesterol, coronary heart disease, and certain type of cancers. An average of 300,000 deaths is associated with obesity and the total economic cost of obesity in U.S. was about $ 117 billion in 2000. As health care professionals it is our responsibility toRead MoreHuman Related Obesity1090 Words   |  4 PagesIs obesity a disease or a human related cause? Researchers have studied this question for years and have come to a variety of different conclusions. Some believe that obesity is a disease and can only be prevented by medications, while others believe that obesity is a human related cause and can be only prevented by a healthy diet and exercise. The American Medical Association (AMA) recently announced that obesity is officially a disease. Dr. Pat rice Harris, a member of the American Medical AssociationRead MoreCauses Of Obesity756 Words   |  4 Pagesspending on most important disease categories, can be used to gain understanding into recent trends, for example, how spending has altered since the passage of the Affordable Care Act (ACA), and some of the important forces behind these trends. The main purpose of the health system is to improve health through the treatment and prevention of disease and wounds. Investigators can know why health spending has grown across each disease type, for example, cancers and circulatory diseases, and see whether developmentRead MoreThe Obesity Epidemic Is Disturbing The Financial And Social Stability Of The United States1481 Words   |  6 PagesAn Obesity epidemic is disturbing the financial and social stability of the United States. As stated by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services â€Å"our modern environment has allowed these conditions to increase at alarming rates and become highly pressing health problems for our nationâ€Å"(U.S. Department of Health and Human Services). Efforts made by authority figures have been enforced to solve this severe crisis. Obesity has become a concerning problem in the United States. This epidemic isRead MoreEffects Of The Fast Food Industry On Canadians1263 Words   |  6 Pagesspecifically, the raise of obesity in Canada due to the wide availability of fast foods. This topic is covered by providing a background about obesity, examining the health consequences, the economic impact, and looking at the social impact and the psychosocial impact on individuals diagnosed as obese. The paper was researched by reading about the subject matter in peer-reviewed journals and grey literature. The search terms used were the following search terms: ‘obesity definition’; ‘obesity Canada’; ‘health

The Effects Of Light Pollution On Humans And The World

When someone thinks of pollution, they most likely think of toxins and contamination in bodies of water and in the air. While these familiar types of pollution are large problems, there is a lesser known variety of pollution involving excessive, misdirected, or obtrusive light that is just as large of an issue. This variety of pollution is called light pollution or photo pollution. The effects of light pollution on humans and the world’s various ecosystems are various and need to be realized. Since their initial creation, light bulbs have continuously grown in number and type. Streets are now lined with bright yellow fluorescent, runways are now mapped out with multi-colored bulbs, etc. The utilization of light bulbs has expanded to where most every homes, in civilized countries, now have every room lit with them. The inventions of televisions and electronic signs have only furthered the expansion and utilization of artificial light. â€Å"People like light, they’re a ttracted to it† (Bogard) and artificial light, to most, seems all-good, but is actually a concern to safety, energy conservation, energy cost, health, and effects on wildlife. Glare, sky glow, and light trespass are the three divisions of light pollution which raise these financial, ecological, and health concerns. Light trespass, a component of light pollution, occurs when light spills where it is not wanted, intended or necessary. Light trespass may occur when streetlights or aShow MoreRelatedEducating Ourselves Is A Responsibility1681 Words   |  7 PagesWithout a more educated environment the world couldn’t move forward. The people and their education are the future of our world. There are millions of ways a human being can go out and educate themselves. One of which those ways is by watching a documentary. This is my preferred choice as I went out and self educated myself. A documentary is a movie or a television or radio program that provides a factual record or report. Many of the people in this world, with our new technology, watch televisionRead MoreThe Problem of Light Pollution1613 Words   |  7 Pagesproblem of light pollution? Research question How can new approaches in design reduce the problem of light pollution? Background In most situations, light helps us see. But when it comes to looking at the night sky, light is actually a kind of pollution. Light pollution is the pollution caused by misplaced artificial light. It is a rapidly increasing environmental problem. In the urban landscape that we live in, light pollution can have implications for the visual environment, affects human healthRead MoreMarine Biodiversity : A Global Pattern Essay1461 Words   |  6 PagesMarine biodiversity Definition: Marine biodiversity refers to the species richness and abundance of genes, species and habitats in the world s oceans and seas. And since the world is covered with approximately 70% water the amount of life in the oceans is enormous. According to the definition of the Convention on Biological Diversity, biodiversity is the variability among living organisms from all sources, including inter alia, terrestrial, marine and other aquatic ecosystems and the ecologicalRead MoreEnvironmental Crsis on Earth Essay1102 Words   |  5 PagesThe earth is facing an environmental crisis on a scale unprecedented in human history. This crisis is due to high levels of human pain and, if it continues, the human life on the planet disappears. People often say that the reason that the world is in its current state is because there are too many people or because of modern technology. Global pollution growth has led to increasing pressure on worldwide natural resources including air, water, l and, and raw materials; and modern societies have generatedRead MoreLight Pollution Essay1211 Words   |  5 Pagesand integral parts of the human civilisation as it allows all human activities to expand during the night or to take 30 place in areas where the lighting is inadequate. Its misuse though, causes a phenomenon known as photopollution/ light pollution/ luminous pollution. This phenomenon is caused because artificial light is being reflected from the various components of the atmosphere. The International Dark-Sky Association define light pollution as: Any adverse effect of artificial lighting, includingRead MoreProblems Face by Earth948 Words   |  4 Pagesbrings negative effects to our life . One of the greatest effect that we face now is global warming . Global warming is when the earth heats up (the temperature rises). It happens when greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide, water vapor, nitrous oxide, and methane) trap heat and light from the sun in the earth’s atmosphere, which increases the temperature. This hurts many people, animals, and plants. The greenhouse effect is when the temperature rises because the sun’s heat and light is trappedRead MoreThe Effects Of Air Pollution On The Climate And Civilization Essay1571 Words   |  7 Pagestoxic; imagine if severe weather conditions, such as droughts and heat waves was the everyday norm. If action is not taken to reduce the amount of pollution humanity emits into the air, there will be detrimental effects on the climate and civilization. For instance, air pollution harms the health of people, causing respiratory issues, and air pollution negatively affects the climate, causing global warming. Both issues are also detrimental to the future of humanity on earth. Civilization will be forcedRead More14 billion. That’s how many pounds of garbage are thrown into the ocean every year. 46%. That’s the1200 Words   |  5 Pagesbut before you can REDUCE your impact on the earth, you must first know HOW you’re impacting the Earth. Polluti on is one way to negatively impact the Earth, but what is pollution? Defined literally it is the presence or introduction of a substance that has harmful or poisonous effects. The main types of pollution are air, water, land, noise, and light. Air pollution is a serious problem. It occurs when there are harmful amounts of gases, dust, fumes, or odors in the atmosphere.Read MoreCauses And Effects Of Pollution1578 Words   |  7 PagesSpain English IV 8 December 2014 The Causes and Effects of Pollution There are constant news reports about pollution and how it’s destroying earth and how it helps the greenhouse effect on Earth’s atmosphere. There are many different sources of pollution, even some that may not seem likely to produce so much. There are many causes of pollution in the environment. Some include natural sources of pollution and some are caused by manmade sources of pollution. Whether they are natural sources or manmadeRead MorePollution Essay949 Words   |  4 PagesPollution is the introduction of harmful substances or products into the environment (Pollution, 2017). Ever since we were born there has always been a problem with harmful things on our planet. Humans have tried an enormous amount of ideas trying to help the planet. Adults tell the young kids to always recycle or to help the Earth by planting a tree. Those two ideas are spread around the entire world, but there are certain things going around that are not helping the Earth. They are called pollutants

Agenda Setting Theory And Social Media s Influence

Agenda Setting Theory Social Media’s Influence Alicia Murray Kennesaw State University Abstract The creators of the agenda setting theory, Dr. Maxwell McCombs and Donald Shaw, say that Watergate is the most faultless example of how the agenda setting theory can heavily influence the mass media. The Watergate issue caught fire after months on the front page of The Washington Post because McCombs and Shaw believe that the â€Å"mass media have the ability to transfer the salience of items on their news agenda to the public agenda.† They aren’t suggesting that broadcast and print personnel make a deliberate attempt to influence listener, viewer or reader opinion on the issues. Agenda setting is one of the fundamental mass media functions. Through exercising this function, mass media are forced to simultaneously satisfy certain material and value requirements. From the definition of mass media, it is clear that the media are predominantly materially oriented, while the society expects from them responsibility and contributing to the community. (Lozovina, 2013, p. 30) Literature Review The Application of Social Network Analysis in Agenda Setting Research This article goes into detail about how social media is applied in agenda setting research. It states that the approach of social network analysis makes it possible for researchers to map out the relationships between objects and traits in the media agenda and the public agenda. Social media is used as aShow MoreRelatedAgenda Setting Theory And Social Media1317 Words   |  6 Pages2015 Agenda-Setting Theory and Social Media The agenda-setting theory states that the media influences what people choose to think about. The theory emerged from communication studies and focuses on mass media and setting the public agenda. In the seminal article, McCombs and Shaw (1972) found a high correlation between media agenda and the public agenda through content analysis of a local election. The theorists wanted to discover what types of people are most susceptible to the media agenda throughRead MoreThe Power Of Television Images : The First Kennedy Nixon Debate Revised989 Words   |  4 PagesMedia Effects Media is not a novel presence, but its influences are ever evolving and increasing exponentially. Whether through print or television each type of media is vitally important for a politician. Politicians must focus on the message that is to be conveyed and be aware of the influence each media type has. Print ads, radio shows, television interviews, magazine articles and debates all have a degree of effectiveness on a voting demographic. Mastering the media effects on the people thatRead MoreThe Agenda Setting Model Can Guide The Public Opinion And Mass Communication1464 Words   |  6 Pagesthe agenda setting. The agenda setting model can guide the public opinion and mass communication about some social or political issues. Different with media effects model, the media effects more like to telling people how to think, however, the agenda setting model is successful in telling people what to think about. In a general way, agenda setting theory was constructed in the environment of t raditional mass media, and the purpose is to study traditional mass media. About the visual agenda settingRead MoreThe Agenda Setting Theory On The Public Agenda1076 Words   |  5 Pageshistory of the agenda-setting theory goes back over 50 years to when it was introduced in a 1972 edition of Public Opinion Quarterly by Drs. Maxwell McCombs and Donald Shaw. It was first developed as a means of studying the 1968 American presidential election as it relates to the most important issues determined by the news media and the most important issues determined by the 100 residents of Chapel Hill, North Carolina (McCombs Shaw, 1972). Still relevant today, the agenda setting theory explains theRead MoreMass Media Influence On People s Ideas About Society936 Words   |  4 PagesJamilah Alfadhli ENG 110-01 November 13, 2015 Mass Media Influence in Shaping People’s Ideas about Society The most important goal for mass media is to make high revenues. To make this goal real and earn that money mass media maker or producer put effective working plans. These effective plans could be in all different kinds of any mass media. There are several effects of made mass media planning before it broadcasting a message to improve it economic. These effects are; effects of advertisingRead MoreMedia Simply Reflects and Reinforces Existing Social Values Essay1004 Words   |  5 PagesMedia Simply Reflects and Reinforces Existing Social Values There is a notion held by many people that the media has the power to affect our beliefs, attitudes, values and behaviours either directly or indirectly. Many sociologists believe that the media could be extremely powerful and influential because of their technology, economics, and because of the sheer scale of operations. There has been a tremendous amount of research done into the possible short and longRead MoreThe Campaign, A Good And Positive Light1193 Words   |  5 Pages How do we build trust with the audience? One way that we can do this would be consistency. The station needs to consistently present messages for their audience across multiple platforms. This means having a presence on different forms of social-media such as Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, and Snapchat among others. The audience needs to be able to trust that KULT will have a voice, which means they need to consistently hear that voice. The different outlets allow the audience to confirm theRead MoreMedia Effects On The Media Essay1273 Words   |  6 Pageswatching television (TV), however many experts feel we are constantly affected by the media whether we think we are or not. Theorists believe that too much media exposure can lead to knowledge, attitudes or behavioural changes within a society, this is called ‘media effects’ (Kuehn, â€Å"Media Effects†). These m edia effects consists of several Paradigms, a Paradigm is described as â€Å"a typical pattern or model† (Kuehn, â€Å"Media Effects†). The Paradigms this essay will consist of are called the ‘New EffectsRead MoreEffect And Relationship Between Agenda Setting And News Framing Essay1301 Words   |  6 Pages This study examined the effects and relationship between agenda setting and news framing having significate weight within newspaper articles on portraying Australian political issues. The media content analysis is based on findings from news articles within the Courier Mail over a period of four weeks using journalistic, communication and theoretical explanations. The main question is the effects and relationship between agenda setting and news framing within newspaper articles. The study seemedRead MoreEssay on Effects of Mass Media on Society1650 Words   |  7 Pagesinfluenced by mass media. Although traditional television watching and newspaper reading are no longer as popular as before, people spend more time in front of computers listening to music and radios, reading news and information, interacting with other people in social network and watching television programmes and films. The developing technology of mobile phone allows people to do almost everything they can do with the computer. Nowaday, people are living in a world ‘saturated by media sounds and images

How Gender Makes a Difference in Leadership free essay sample

Another definition Is the process of Influencing others to understand and agree about what needs to be done and how It can be done effectively and the process of facilitating Individual and collective efforts to accomplish the shared objectives. Both f these definitions of leadership use the word influence and both agree that the overall objective is to achieve goals. Neither distinguishes leadership in terms of gender. In this paper, I am looking into what constitutes leadership and how gender makes a difference.The labor market has been and continues to be highly segregated by sex. Females remain in concentrated positions that have traditionally been held by women, and they continue to be underrepresented in jobs that are considered masculine, as well as in higher positions (Dean, Mills, Roberts, Charter, and Cash, 2009). Female managers operating in male-dominated environments are expected to utilize leadership styles that conform to masculine cultures to maintain their status. We will write a custom essay sample on How Gender Makes a Difference in Leadership or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Competitiveness, hierarchical authority, and emphasis on control are characterized as masculine modes of management along with being aggressive, ambitious, dominant, self-confident, and individualistic. The feminine mode of management is associated with being compassionate for others. This includes being affectionate, helpful, friendly, kind and sympathetic as well as interpersonally sensitive, gentle, and soft spoken (Peters, 1990) Retype Title Here Insert the first paragraph of text. References Insert References Here.

Supply Chain StrategiesManagement

Question: You are required to prepare a report of 1500 words that addresses the following points: 1. Discuss how a company could improve its financial and non financial performance by engaging in the strategic management of its supply chain processes.2. Discuss how vulnerability to supply chain disruption could be effectively managed within the company supply chain. Answer: Executive summary: Supply chain management is the process of the flow materials, finances and information while they go along the process from suppliers to manufacturers and from wholesalers to retailers to consumers. Supply chain management integrates and coordinates this flow both among and within the companies. The most important task of a scm is of reduction of the inventory. Supply chain management process have been subdivided into main three parts i.e. the information flow the product flow, and the finances flow. The product flow involves the movement of materials from a supplier to the customer. The information flow possesses processing orders and upgrading the delivery status. The financial flow includes payment schedules, credit terms, and consignment and ownership title arrangements. Introduction: Business organizations mainly capitalize on supply chain capacities and resources to bring the products and services in the market in a much quicker process at the lowest possible cost. Measuring supply chain performance can manage a greater knowing of the supply chain and improve its performance overall. Companies have found out that that for competing in a pressurized environment, it is necessary to estimate and monitor firm performances. Many types of perspectives of supply chain performance measures (scpm) are non cost perspective and cost perspective (Borgstrm Hertz, 2011). An efficient and performing supply chain helps a business save money. This in turn reduces spoilage and decaying, companies that practice supply chain process report outstanding cycle time and cost reduction, for example, Wal-Mart stores inc. announced doubling of inventory turnarounds. An important subject of supply chain management is to view the processes, people and facilities network that collects mater ials that is raw and transform them into products that are ready to use and finally send it to the end users as a chain which is acknowledged. (Eig, Hofmann, Stolzle,2013). Improvement of financial performance by strategic management of SCM: To reduce operational in efficiencies and improve customer satisfaction many companies initially focus on supply chain management. The visibility and control on the supply chain improves as a result, which in turn leads to better financial performance. The companys competitive capability improves because of supply chain management. Globally, the companies are competing against each other as a part of the supply chain and not individually. The task of every company is to ensure how to cut costs, improve quality and operate effectively through supply chain management (Kang Kim, 2010). The economies of china and some other countries are booming right now as a result, many companies have started sourcing in such countries. Supplier performance is closely linked to cost and benefit. VElda b.v. wants to have Good quality products with low cost as a result they have sourced half of their products in china. The scm functio ns impact the financial performance, identification of business process and find out ways of improve the business processes that will help to improve both scm and financial performance. The main question is what to improve in supply chain process to get maximum financial performance. To improve financial management the reduction of spreadsheets are necessary. Many enterprises plan their purchasing using unreliable spreadsheets. To be sure that the companies are using accurate information, they should be moving up in an affordable supply chain platform. The principal at the Hackett Group says that the procurement organization should play a vital role by becoming more as a process enabler and by looking for more opportunities by leveraging the capacities of the suppliers and improving current processes. Supply chain management is a complex process. The main approach is to understand the logistics function and identification of those areas which have the capacity to affect revenue in t he greater way. The council of supply chain management professionals (CSCMP) has defined logistics management as containing outbound and inbound management of transportation, warehousing, order fulfillment, inventory arrangement, fleet management, and supply demand planning. Approximately 9% of sales, 50% of transportation costs make up logistics costs. Transportation poses to be the largest among the logistics costs in supply chain management, so improvement in the transportation activities could leverage the financial management in scm (Konur,2013). Revenue growth is one of the most important aspects of scm which remains in the minds of the topmost executives and it is directly impacted by the scm. The relation shared by transportation and revenue growth goes beyond just the delivery of the products to the end users. A good transportation system is important not only for delivering perishable goods and raw materials but also goods with short life span. The ability to meet market demand, lead time and the ability to meet market demand and sales everything have impact on revenue growth. This is all affected by the companys assurance to the customers that the shipment will be delivered to them at the right time, at the right place and in a good condition (Nikabadi Zamanloo,2012). Improvement of non financial performance by strategic management of SCM: Although financial performance is the most important criteria for all companies there are many non financial aspects too which need careful attention. Such non financial indicators are market share, innovation performance etc. which also needs evaluation in order to assess their impact on scm. The long term objectives of scm are to integrate supply chain for all members and increase market share also. Higher market share might be characterized by use of better product quality and efficient use of chain resources. For reduction of the number of transactions it is profitable to work with fewer suppliers. Strategic planning is required to enhance coordination among various groups in the company through sharing and information retrieval. The departmental barriers are reduced through the practice of such scm processes. In a well coordinated organization good relationship between suppliers and customers are maintained. to improve coordination with suppliers good relationship should be maintained ,keeping few suppliers at bay is necessary and also the practice of e procurement, technology, product ,process innovations is better achieved through coordination with fewer suppliers. The ordering process could be categorized properly with the use of e procurement (Scm.ncsu.edu,2015). Finally coordination with customers is of utmost importance which could only be achieved through close partnerships. The orders given by the customers should be clarified and negotiated properly to avoid design and order changes in the later stages. Management of vulnerability of supply chain disruptions: the normal flow of materials and goods are disturbed by the disruptions in scm. This in turn exposes the companies to financial and operational risks from time to time catastrophes disrupt the supply chain processes. Mitigation of these catastrophes that disrupt scm are difficult because of the serious nature of the catastrophes. Current supply chain practices have been identified that have increased the vulnerability. Thus it has been proposed that to avoid vulnerability in supply chains strategies such as providing advance warning, coping up, and surviving should be implemented. Well developed strategies could be better in mitigating such vulnerabilities. The common business practices that contribute to supply chain vulnerabilities are Globalization, Decentralization, outsourcing, reduced number of suppliers etc. Advance warning strategies: An advanced warning strategy can give enough time to the companies to take necessary precautions in order to mitigate the disruption effects. If it is forecasted that a natural calamity is going to happen then scm process gets enough time to channelize their supply chain in such a way to reduce disruption (Tandler, 2013). Coping strategies: These strategies are flexible in nature and it produces many options of alternatives in case any vulnerability occurs. Extra resources should be kept apart in redundancy process. Flexibility can avoid risks. Transportation flexibility: Supply chains should use air, sea and ground transportation to avoid vulnerability. For companies who have suppliers outside U.S. other transportation methods are more important. It is advisable to keep backups for components that are critical in nature that can be kept with small amount of investment. Insurance against other risks: many supply chain processes such as transport, labor, facilities, supplies, can be insured against accidents, natural calamities and theft. Some of such coverages involve loss of expenses, extra costs, assets and profits because of damage to property and physical loss. Conclusion: Supply chain management is the whole process of the flow materials information and finances as they go along the process from suppliers to manufacturers and then from wholesalers to retailers to end users. Across the world supply chain management is applied due to its useful functions such as improved financial performance, delivery time reduction and satisfaction of the customer. Due to its systemic impact and global nature on the firms financial performance, the supply chain unjustifiably faces a lot of risks than other areas of the company. Risk is an integrated part of supply chain management. But respite of that it attracts very less attention than it deserves from a very wide range of companies. Reflection: the supply chain management has become more complicated with the enlargement of the company and its range of products. It is a very pressurized job for the supply chain executives to find more developed customer centric supply chains and find different innovative ways to reduce cost. Organizations must think of preparing for the rebounding while responding to the conditions of the labor pool, deflation and issues surrounding energy and sustainability. Studies show that those companies achieve great advantages who are striving for environmental sustainability. As a core competent of their supply chain Strategy Company should include sustainability. The supply chain managers are always thinking of ways to respond to changes, increase profitability and expand rapidly. References: Borgstrm, B., Hertz, S. (2011). Supply Chain Strategies: Changes in Customer Order-Based Production.Journal Of Business Logistics,32(4), 361-373. doi:10.1111/j.0000-0000.2011.01031.x Eig, M., Hofmann, E., Stolzle, W. (2013).Supply Chain Management. Munchen: Franz Vahlen. Kang, J., Kim, Y. (2010). Coordination of inventory and transportation managements in a two-level supply chain.International Journal Of Production Economics,123(1), 137-145. doi:10.1016/j.ijpe.2009.07.008 Konur, D. (2013). A comment on Coordination of inventory and transportation managements in a two-level supply chain.International Journal Of Production Economics,141(1), 434. doi:10.1016/j.ijpe.2012.06.019 Nikabadi, M., Zamanloo, S. (2012). A Multidimensional Structure for Describing the Influence of Supply Chain Strategies, Business Strategies, and Knowledge Management Strategies on Knowledge Sharing in Supply Chain.International Journal Of Knowledge Management,8(4), 50-70. doi:10.4018/jkm.2012100103 Scm.ncsu.edu,. (2015).What is Supply Chain Management? - SCM | Supply Chain Resource Cooperative (SCRC) | North Carolina State University. Retrieved 10 February 2015, from https://scm.ncsu.edu/scm-articles/article/what-is-supply-chain-management Tandler, S. (2013).Supply Chain Safety Management. Wiesbaden: Imprint: Springer Gabler.